Improvement in quartz-mills



H. ANDERSON.

Quartz-Mill.

Patented Mar. 4, 1879 I nVe @00 UNITED STAT S PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID H. ANDERSON, OF SAN FRANCISCO, GAL, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF HIS RIGHTTO SAMUEL K. GOL'DTBAP, OF OENTERVILLE, IDAHO TERRITORY.

IMPROVEMENT lN QUARTZ-MILLS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 212,825), dated March4, 187,9 application died December 2, 1878.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAVID HENRY ANDER- SON, of the city and county ofSan Francisco, and State of California, have invented an ImprovedQuartz-Mill; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings.

My invention relates to an improved mill for crushing ores or rock andmy improvements consist in operating the stamp by a pitman or rodconnected with the knee or elbow of a toggle-joint, one end of saidtoggle being connected with the girt-timber of the mill, and the otherby suitable means with the stamp, so, that the stamp is raised andlowered twice for every revolution of the crank-shaft.

It also consists in a means of connecting the stamp-stem with thetoggle-joint, so as to relieve the operating mechanism of any jar, andto give a certain impetus to the downward-moving stamp, to render itsforce more effectual. Suitable provisions are made for regulating thedrop ofthe stamp, for rotating it, and for regulating the cushion orspring which aids its downward force.

It further consists in certain details of construct-ion, which are morefully described in the drawings.

Figure 1 is a perspective view, and Fig. 2 is a sectional view.

The arrangement which I have devised is designed to do away entirelywith the cam and tappet without necessarily changing the form of stem,shoe, die, or mortar, while at the same time the stamps may be operatedvery rapidly and no undue strain brought on any of the parts. In thisarrangement the principles of crushing rock by stamps are not changed;but the mechanism by which it is accomplished will render each stampvery much more efiective, by reason of the rapidity with which the stampmay be operated.

The mortar A, in which my stamp operates,

is of suitable size to contain a single die, B,

and has a discharge-opening on each of the four sides, as shown, ascreen being placed at each opening in the usual manner. On each side ofthe mortar, and extending upward, is the frame-work 0, connected at thetop by the girt-timber D, as shown. The top of the mortar is covered,but has a central opening, through which the stamp-stem passes.

On the girt-timbers at each side, inside the frame-timbers, arejournaledthc parts E of a toggle-joint, these being joint-ed, as shownat a, to the lower parts, F, so as to form the toggle. The lower ends ofthe lower joints of the toggles are journaled to the slides G, whichmove in the guides H, attached to the inner sides of the frame work, asshown. These slides G are attached to or form part of the cage or frameI, so that as the slides move up and down, as hereinafter described, thecage or frame moves with them. This cage Ihas a top and bottom, whichare joined by bolts at the corners, so as to leave an open space betweenthem; and both top and bottom have central openings, through which thestampstem K passes.

On the stamp-stem, inside of the cage and near the bottom, is keyed inthe ordinary manner a lug or tappet, L, having a small elastic washer orcushion, M, under it. Above this lug or tappet is secured a spring orelastic cushion, M, the upper end of which presses against a collar, N,on a bushing, 0, through which the stamp-stem passes. This bushing O hasscrew-threads formed on its outer surface, and the central opening inthe top of the cage has threads formed on its edges, so that the bushingmay be screwed up or down to increase or decrease the tension of thespring M. The stamp -sten1 passes freely through this bushing, so as tohave a certain amount of vertical play; but when forced down, ashereinafter described, when there is anything under the shoe on thestamp P, the spring M is compressed by the tappet or lug pushing it upagainst the flange, so that the cage or frame is relieved of any jar.When the cage is lifted the weight of the stem and stamp is held by thetappet resting on the bottom of the cage, a suitable cushion beingplaced under the tappet to prevent any sudden jar injuring the cage.

At the point a of the knee of the toggle the head of one of the parts isenlarged, so that a bifurcated pitman, Q, may be journaledl to theknee-levers, as shown, the other end of the pitman being journaleo. tothe crank-wh eel R on the driving-shaft S. The amount of drop to thestamp can therefore be regulated by the position of the wrist-pin inthis crank-shaft, and a sliding adjustable wrist-pin can be used for thepurpose, which maybe brought nearer to or farther from the center, toregulate the length of stroke and consequent drop of stamp.

The operation of my device is as follows: The ore is fed into thebattery intheordinary manner by mechanism or by hand, and power isapplied to the driving-shaft S. The pitman is thus given an oscillatingmotion, drawing and pushing the central or knee joint of the toggle toand fro. As the upper end of the toggle is journaled to the girt-timber,this action of the toggle lifts and depresses alternately the slides G,thus lifting and lowering the cage and stamps. As the cage is lifted thetappet on the stamp-stem rests on the bottom of the cage, the tappetsustaining the weight, as described. As the cage is lowered the stampand stem fall by gravity, the same as an ordinary stamp, the spring inthe cage, however, assisting its descent. When running at high speed theaction of the spring on the stem is such as to give the stamp a downwardthrow.

The stamp may be rotated slightly at each revolution by aratchet-and-pawl connection, if desired. To rotate it continuously, soas to be more effectual in crushing, I place a collar. T, in thegirt-timber D, a flange being placed on the lower end of this collar,and a gearwheel, U, on its upper end. A feather in the inside of thiscollar engages with a groove on the stamp-stem, so that when the gear isrotated it will rotate the stamp-stem, while at the same time the stemmay have a vertical motion. A gear, V, on a counter-shaft, W, on theframe engages with the gear-wheel U, and this counter-shaft may berotated by belt and pulley connected with the driving-shaft, as shown.

As many of these stamps as may be desired may be placed in line, eachhaving a separate mortar, and each stamp running independently.

WVhen it is desired to run the pans and settlers with the same powerthat drives the stamps, I can connect the piston-rod of a small enginedirect to the knee a of the toggle-joint, and thus operate the stamp. Inthat case I place the engine on standards on the frame on the oppositeside from the crankwheel It,

and the pitman Q will then drive the crankwheel, which will revolvepulleys, which may be belted to the pans and settlers.

The motion of the engine or driving-shaft may be reversed, if desired,without affecting the vertical motion of the stamp, so that hoisting andlowering may be done with the engine which drives the stamp. This hasbeen impossible with the stamps driven by cam and tappet. For smallmines this is a great ad vantage, as the hoisting-works and mill may beoperated from the same engine.

In the drawings I have shown as connected with the battery an improvedore-feeder, for which I have applied for Letters Patent, and which isspecially adapted for this style of stamp when rapid motion isaccomplished.

I am aware that springs or elastic cushions have heretofore been usedfor increasing the downward blow of stamps for crushing ore. Severalpatents may be cited which show a cushionor spring connected with thestamp for relieving jar or utilizing downward force of the sprin Myconstruction is different from any of these, and the operation is notexactly the same.

The stamp-stem is not connected to the spring in any way, nor is itattached in any place to to the cage. It is, as heretofore described,free to move vertically within certain limits in the cage. It drops bygravitation the same as a stamp operated by cam and tappet; but thespring which I use is necessary, in order to operate my stamp as rapidlyas is designed.

It will be seen that the cage in the rapid motion imparted to it by thepeculiar mechanism described will go downward faster than the stampwould fall by gravity in so short a space or drop. As the cage startsdownward rapidly it would reach its lowest position and begin to to risebefore the shoe struck the die, and the lower surface of the tappetwould strike the bottom of the cage before-the blow was struck if thespring were not placed in the position shown. Instead of this takingplace, as the cage begins its downward course it overtakes the tappet onthe stamp-stem; and as the spring is attached to the lower side of theupper head of the cage, the spring is compressed by the tappet, thestamp-stem thus having its speed gradually accelerated, and the springbeing gradually compressed until the stamp is mov ing as fast as thecage. When, therefore, the cage has reached its lowest position thecompression of the spring has allowed the tappet to come nearer the topof the cage than the bottom, and the cage is in a momentary state ofrest. The stamp continues its downward course, aided by the expansion ofthe spring, and strikes its blow before the cage commences to rise. Asthe cage commences to rise the tappet on the stamp-stem is then nearestthe bottom of the cage and in a position to rest on said bottom and liftthe stamp without anyjar on the cage or operating mechanism. This springis therefore an essential feature in the whole device, without which thecage would be apt to be broken, inasmuch as said cage moves faster byits toggle-connection than the stamp does by gravity, and the tappetwithout it would strike the top of the cage on its downward course andthe bottom on its upward course without the blow being utilized on therock. The spring therefore obviates the possibility of breakage of thecage by gradually accelerating the downward force of the stampstem,giving it a speed in unison with that of the cage as it is rapidly movedby the toggle. Without this spring in its peculiar position the millcould not be operated as rapidly as it a is intended to be.

In most of those devices heretofore patented where the spring isutilized to increase the downward force of the blow of the stamp thespring has to be compressed as thestamp is raised. In my device this isnot the case, the spring being compressed as the stamp is fallin g, andpresenting no resistance whatever to the raising of the stamp.

This mill may be run for prospecting purposes by hand-power, as thedriving-shaft may be geared from a crank-wheel, so that very rapid blowsmay be struck. It is, however, adapted for all purposes in large orsmall mills.

The batteries may be set up in pairs, single, or in aline, suitableconnection being made for driving the stamps.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. The toggle or knee lever E F, with the horizontally-operatin gpitmanQ and the crankwheel It, in combination with the verticallymovingstampstem K and stamp P, whereby two blows of the stamp may be impartedby one stroke of the pitman, substantially as herein described.

2. The cage I, with its slides G moving in the guide H, in combinationwith the stamp-stem K, said stem passing through the cage and beingprovided with the tappet L, and having the elastic cushions or springs MM, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

3. The stamp-stem K, operated by the action of the knee or toggle leversE F and the in combination with the stamp-stem K, passing looselythrough the cage and provided with the spring M, placed between the topof the case and the tappet, substantially as herein described.

'5. In combination with a stamp and stampstem operating with a rapidvertical move- .ment, the cage I, connected with the actuatin gmechanism and working independently of the stem K, the tappet or collarL, secured to the stem within the cage, and the spring M, acting betweenthe top of the cage and the tappet to act upon the stamp at the end ofthe stroke without presenting any resistance to the raising of thestamp, substantially as herein described.

6. The stamp P and stem K, with its collar or tappet L and the spring Mwithin the actuating-cage I, in combination with the adjustable collaror bushing 0, whereby the tension of the spring and the relativeposition of the stamp and cage are regulated, substantially as hereindescribed.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

7 DAVID H. ANDERSON.

Witnesses CHAS. G. YALE, FRANK A. BROOKS.

